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domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init
action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home3/maulanah/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6114Section Two: On the arguments which this lowly person has derived from wise philosophical principles on the necessity of appointing an Im\u0101m and I am alone in explaining them<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In this section, it shall also be explained how whether the Im\u0101m is apparent or hidden, his benefit is equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Argument One: The Final Cause[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n It must be known that the existence of the prophet or Im\u0101m is not only that the creation needs him for their religious and worldly rectification. Moreover, the goal behind existence of the prophet or Im\u0101m as well as the final cause is not the establishing of boundary punnishments or filling gaps and preparing armies as well as most of the related matters to preserve the system and preserve the ship of Isl\u0101m or that he may teach people the legislative rulings on prayer and fasting in such a way that the Im\u0101m that is hidden and concealed or is not a source to refer back to for the creation would mean that the reason and final cause has been lost. This is even though these matters are also entailed by the existence of the prophet or Im\u0101m. However, these are accidental and not essential. Rather, what is meant essentially and the final cause of the existence of the prophet and Im\u0101m is that the Im\u0101m\u2019s existence is the cause of the existence of the earth and what is within it. The continual existence of the Im\u0101m is the cause of the continual existence of the earth and what is within it. The effect cannot remain existent without the cause.[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n\n\n\n As is the principle of cause and effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n So, the earth and what is within it is established by the existence of the Im\u0101m. By this formulation, the criticism of the opposing sect on the Im\u0101m\u012byyah is not valid. The amount of objections that the commentator Q\u016bshj\u012b and Sh\u0101h \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz as well as others have stated on the matter of benevolence do not apply here. In actuality, the meaning of benevolence is also what this lowly person has stated. This is the meaning of the word of the investigator Na\u1e63\u012br al-D\u012bn al-\u1e6c\u016bs\u012b which he has stated in his al-Tajr\u012bd<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0641\u200c \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0651\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n And his existence is a benevolence, his controlling is another benevolence, and his occultation (or absence) is a favor.[3]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Meaning that even though the world is established by the existence of the Im\u0101m, it entails that the Im\u0101m\u2019s noble existence is such that if people want to gain guidance from him, they can. If they do not want to gain it, this is due to their own veiling from the truth by darkness as well as the domination of their own desires and selfish lusts due to which they are deprived of it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The First Matter: The argument that the prophet or Im\u0101m is not only for executing legislative rulings and establishing boundary punishments<\/p>\n\n\n\n This is the accepted principle that the end is always nobler than the means to the end.[4]<\/strong><\/a> So, the understanding that the perfect essences, lofty souls, and towering lights of the infallible personalities are only created to starts the creation so that the high existence\u2019s goal may benefit the lowly existence, is invalid. Similarly, the understanding is invalid that the motion of the celestial orbits, the course of the sun, moon, stars and animals as well as their efforts by light and day are for benefiting the lowly beings such as animals, plants and inanimate objects and the attainment of four seasons (fu\u1e63\u016bl-i-arba\u02bfah<\/em>) as well as the alternation of times and the rectification of the conditions of places and lands. This is because they are subjected by the command of All\u0101h and are restricted by the name of divine decree. Their motion in essence is purely worship of the divine and is for getting closer to God and emulating the proximate ones with another worship that is filled with passionate love (\u02bfishq<\/em>). Their passionate love is to get closer and to emulate the proximate ones. The benefit of the lowly beings such as the animals, plants, inanimate objects, and other things we have mentioned necessarily follows in subservience and not in essence because what is meant by essence is their motion to get closer to God and emulate the proximate ones. Similarly, the goal and reason for creating prophets and Im\u0101ms of guidance in essence is not to rectify the situation of nations such that previously mentioned accepted principle would be opposed. Rather, the entailment of the previously mentioned principle is that the goal and reason for existence of a prophet or Im\u0101m is essentially necessary to be higher to them. And what is that? Proximity to All\u0101h and reaching his meeting place just as has come in the \u1e25ad\u012bth quds\u012b[5]<\/strong><\/a> where it states:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0646\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u062d\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0643\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641<\/p>\n\n\n\n I was a hidden treasure, so I liked to be known. Thus, I created the creation so I may be known.[6]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Now, since the true gnostic can only be the prophet or Im\u0101m, then the reason for them is gnosis of God alone. However, with their acts by which they gain proximity to All\u0101h, the initiation of the nation towards the path of the end and their success in their happiness in subservience and accidentally is entailed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It must also be clear that the existence of a thing is of two types. One is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n The existence of a thing, per se (f\u012b nafsihi<\/em>), for itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The example of this is the immaterial substances. The second one is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n The existence of a thing, per se, for something other than itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n An example of this is the existence of the material formal accidents because their existence per se is for themselves, which are with the subjects and the materials meaning the accidents and material forms\u2019 independent existences are not separate from subjects and materials. Rather, their independent existences are the same as the subjects and materials they are with.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The immaterial substances sometimes have relational existence accidental to them such as the rational soul which has two existences. One is its existence per se, which is its real existence. The second is its existence via the body, which is its relational existence. What is its relational existence? It is the soulfulness of the soul and its ordaining of the body. So, when its attachment to the body disconnects, its relational existence, meaning the soulfulness of the soul, perishes. Only its essence and real existence remains because its relational existence is not the same as the real existence. This is contrary to the accidents which perish due to their subjects and materials and their real existence comes invalid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n When this is known, then we say that the prophet and the Im\u0101m being the divine authority over the creation is an addition and relation which is accidental to their existence. From this aspect his essence is called as being with the creation which the philosophers call \u201cbeing near nature.\u201d So, when there is no creation, they would not be an authority over it, meaning that their authoritativeness over them would fade away. However, this does not entail that when they are not an authority over the creation then they are not existent in their own selves. Rather, the essences of the divine authorities are elevated in essence from corporeal materials, they are in the limit of their own realities and essences continually remaining with All\u0101h\u2019s existence.[7]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Thus, those holy and pure personalities being the intermediary in the existence of all creations are prior to the creation (in ontological order)[8]<\/strong><\/a> and are \u201cafter the creation\u201d from the aspect that they are the end goals to which all corporeal things return to after the creation. From the aspect that they are the authority over the creation, and people in their states of darkness attain guidance to the path of the hereafter and the holy way by their light with creation just as we have explained in detail and demonstrated in the treatise \u02bfArsh\u012byyah<\/em>[9]<\/strong><\/a> <\/em>that the rational souls have three existences, (1) existence before nature, (2) existence after nature, and (3) existence near nature.[10]<\/strong><\/a> Similarly, the existence of the Im\u0101m is of three types, (1) existence before creation, (2) existence after creation, and (3) existence with creation. The support of this formulation is from the \u1e25ad\u012bth which Mu\u1e25ammad b. Ya\u02bfq\u016bb al-Kulayn\u012b, may All\u0101h have mercy on him, narrated in the book al-K\u0101f\u012b<\/em> via his own chain from Im\u0101m al-\u1e62\u0101diq, peace be upon him, states:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064f\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The authority is before the creation, with the creation, and after the creation.[11]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0641\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n So, understand, and I do not think you will understand because you are not of those who can fly and nor of those who can traverse. So, supplicate to All\u0101h, plead to him, and hope for his benevolence and mercy that you may not be of those who are imprisoned and restricted in the prison of attachment to the rope of blind-following. Verily, he is benevolent and merciful to the one who supplicates to him and accepts the supplication of the one who confides in him.[12]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n The Second Matter: Evidence of the matter that the existence of the Im\u0101m is the cause of the existence of the earth and what is within it, and that the continual remaining of the Im\u0101m is the continual remaining of the earth and what is within it<\/p>\n\n\n\n When God almighty created the existent things in order of nobility and inferiority according to the custom of invention to the extent that end and the center of the existents reached the inferiority and lowness and elemental materials, especially earthly materials, which are the source of interiority, density and are the mine of distance from subtlety. So, the divine will was that them, along with their aspects of mixing and composition which he put on them, should make them climb to the peak of nobility and loftiness. So, from these returning existents, nobler and loftier ones were made an intermediary cause of perfection and the final cause for the lower and inferior ones. So, he created the earth for the plants and the plants for the animals, and the animals for the human being. The last stage is the human being, who is the peak of their beings, and this is the rank of Imamate. Meaning the perfect man who is the authority (sul\u1e6d\u0101n<\/em>) of the earthly realm and the vicegerent (khal\u012bfah<\/em>) of God on earth. So, the earth and what is in it is created for him[13]<\/strong><\/a> just as has come in the \u1e25ad\u012bth quds\u012b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0643<\/p>\n\n\n\n If it were not for you (O Mu\u1e25ammad), I would not have created the cosmos.[14]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n So, the thing for which something is created, if that final cause is not present then that thing would also perish just as has been demonstrated in the discussions on cause and effect. Thus, the presence of the perfect man who is the authority over the earthly realm and the vicegerent of God on earth in every era is necessary. It is also proven that the existence of the perfect man is the reason for the existence of the earth and what is within it and the continual remaining of the perfect man is the cause of the continual remaining of the earth and what is within it. Thus, the Commander of the Faithful (as) has been quoted in the supplication of \u02bfAd\u012blah<\/em> as saying:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0628\u064e\u0642\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0651\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0628\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0631\u064f\u0632\u0650\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0648\u064f\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u062b\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062a\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0650<\/p>\n\n\n\n The one by who\u2019s remaining the world remains and by his prosperity the creation is given sustenance, and by his existence the earth and the sky remain firm.[15]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Moreover, this formulation is supported by the \u1e25ad\u012bth which Mu\u1e25ammad b. Ya\u02bfq\u016bb al-Kulayn\u012b has narrated in the book al-K\u0101f\u012b<\/em> via his chain on the authority of Ab\u016b \u1e24amzah al-Thum\u0101l\u012b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0650\u064a \u0639\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645) \u0623\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0652\u0636\u064f \u0628\u0650\u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0628\u064e\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0652\u0636\u064f \u0628\u0650\u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0644\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0627\u062e\u064e\u062a\u0652.<\/p>\n\n\n\n He (Ab\u016b \u1e24amzah) said, \u201cI asked Im\u0101m al-\u1e62\u0101diq, peace be upon him, \u2018does the earth remain without an Im\u0101m?\u2019 He replied, \u2018if it remained without an Im\u0101m it would sink.\u2019\u201d[16]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Moreover, in the \u1e25ad\u012bth narrated by A\u1e25mad b. \u1e24anbal (d. 885 CE) in the book on virtues (man\u0101qib<\/em>) it states:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0645\u064e: \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u062c\u064f\u0648\u0645\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0644\u0650\u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0621\u0650\u060c \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u062c\u064f\u0648\u0645\u064f \u0630\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0621\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u064f \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0644\u0650\u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u064f \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u0650\u064a \u0630\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Messenger of All\u0101h, peace and blessings be upon him, said, \u201cthe stars are a safety for the people of the sky. So, when the stars perish the people of the sky perish. The people of my household are a safety for the people of earth. So, when the people of my household perish, the people of earth perish.[17]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Moreover, the son of A\u1e25mad b. \u1e24anbal (whose name is \u02bfAbdull\u0101h) in Ziy\u0101dat al-Musnad <\/em>and al-Himwayn\u012b (d. 1329\/30 CE)[18]<\/strong><\/a> in Far\u0101\u02beid al-Sim\u1e6dayn<\/em>[19]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> have narrated this \u1e25ad\u012bth and al-\u1e24\u0101kim (d. 1012 CE) has also cited it in al-Mustadrak<\/em>.[20]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Moreover, Shaykh Sulaym\u0101n Qand\u016bdh\u012b \u1e24anaf\u012b Naqshband\u012b[21]<\/strong><\/a> has narrated in the book Yan\u0101b\u012b\u2019 al-Mawaddah<\/em> via his chain from the book of virtues from the Messenger of God (\u1e63) that he said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/p>\n\n\n\n The earth is not devoid of them, and if it were to be devoid it would sink.[22]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Moreover, al-Himwayn\u012b has narrated in Far\u0101\u02beid al-Sim\u1e6dayn<\/em> from Im\u0101m Zayn al-\u02bf\u0100bid\u012bn (as) that he said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n And if it were not for there being one of us on the earth, it would have sunk along with its people.[23]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Shaykh Sulaym\u0101n Qand\u016bdh\u012b \u1e24anaf\u012b Naqshband\u012b has narrated in the book Yan\u0101b\u012b\u2019 al-Mawaddah<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f: \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u200c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u1e25mad[24]<\/strong><\/a> has said, \u201cAll\u0101h created[25]<\/strong><\/a> the earth for the sake of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, and has made its perpetuity with the perpetuity of the people of his household and his offspring, peace and blessings be upon him and his family.[26]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Furthermore, al-Himwayn\u012b has narrated in Far\u0101\u02beid al-Sim\u1e6dayn<\/em> via his own chain from Im\u0101m Ja\u02bffar al-\u1e62\u0101diq (as) and he has narrated via his chain on the authority of his ancestors from Im\u0101m \u02bfAl\u012b b. al-\u1e24usayn, peace be upon them both:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062c\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u062b \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647. \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0641\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645: \u0641\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u061f \u0642\u0627\u0644:\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n We are the Im\u0101ms of the Muslims and the authorities of God over the worlds as well as the leader of the believers, the guide for the luminaries and the masters of the believers. We are a safety for the people of earth just as the stars are a safety for the people of the sky. We are the ones by who All\u0101h holds the sky that it may fall on the earth, except with His permission.[27]<\/strong><\/a> With us does He hold the sky lest it shift its people.\u201d[28]<\/strong><\/a> Then, he said, \u201cand the earth has not been devoid of an authority of God ever since All\u0101h has created Adam (as), either apparent and renown or hidden and unknown. It will not be devoid of an authority from God until the hour is established. If it were not for that, God would not have been worshiped.[29]<\/strong><\/a>\u201d Sulaym\u0101n[30]<\/strong><\/a> said to al-\u1e62\u0101diq, peace be upon him, \u201cso, how would people benefit from an authority that is hidden and unknown?\u201d The Im\u0101m replied, \u201cjust as they benefit from the sun when it is concealed by clouds.\u201d[31]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Here ends the \u1e25ad\u012bth. It is plainly evident from these a\u1e25\u0101d\u012bth of the two sects (far\u012bqayn<\/em>) that the world and what is within it is established by the existence of the Im\u0101m.[32]<\/strong><\/a> So, the existence of the Im\u0101m is always necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Argument Two: The Rule of The Noblest Possibility[33]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n The rule of the noblest possibility proves that there must be an Im\u0101m in every era. This principle is inherited from the first philosopher[34]<\/strong><\/a>, the great sage, Aristotle. What is gained from this principle is that nobler contingent thing, in the ranks of existence, is prior to the inferior contingent thing. Meaning that the chain of existents, the nobler would come before. Or let us say it this way, that when the series of contingents exists, it is necessary that the noblest of the contingent things would exist before (in sequence). Or, in other words, when the inferior contingent exists, it is necessary that there be a nobler contingent already existing before it. This principle is a noble demonstrative basis, great in effort, generous in giving, with many benefits, abundant in uses, glorious in goods and blessings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n God has made us benefit through it a lot, with God\u2019s praise and good rectification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This principle was used by the first teacher, the great philosopher, in the book Theologica<\/em>, meaning gnosis of lordship, as well as the book of the heavens[35]<\/strong><\/a> and the cosmos[36]<\/strong><\/a> a lot. Thus, he says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0631\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is necessary to believe regarding the lofty beings what is nobler.[37]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Similarly, al-Shaykh al-Ra\u02be\u012bs<\/em> has used this principle a lot in the book of al-Shif\u0101\u02be<\/em> and in the commentaries. In all his books and treatises, he has explained the system of existences in this sequence as well as both series, the beginning and returning series. Shaykh al-Ishr\u0101q<\/em>, in his book, such as al-Mu\u1e6d\u0101ra\u1e25\u0101t<\/em>, al-Talw\u012b\u1e25\u0101t<\/em>, \u1e24ikmat al-Ishr\u0101q<\/em>, Alw\u0101\u1e25-i-\u2018Im\u0101d\u012b<\/em>, Hay\u0101kil al-N\u016br<\/em>, and both treatises in Persian called Yazd\u0101n Bakhsh<\/em> and Partaw N\u0101meh<\/em>, has taken immense care to established this principle and has used this principle to prove the (immaterial) intellects, the luminous forms, the lords of types (arb\u0101b al-anw\u0101\u2019<\/em>) and so on. Mu\u1e25ammad Shahr\u016bd\u012b[38]<\/strong><\/a>, the historian on the philosophers, says in the book al-Shajarah al-Il\u0101h\u012byyah<\/em>, has emulated Shaykh al-Ishr\u0101q<\/em> in explaining and detailed this principle with a complete exposition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Demonstration of The Rule of The Noblest Possibility<\/p>\n\n\n\n We shall also be explaining this principle the same way as the book of Shaykh al-Ishr\u0101q<\/em>, that when the inferior contingent being starts to exist due to the creator, it is necessary that a nobler contingent exist before it. This is because (1) if it does not exist before it, it would entail that from the necessary being, in its essence, two things emanate in one instance from one aspect, one being nobler and the other being inferior.[39]<\/strong><\/a> This is impossible by the agreement of the ancient and later philosophers, (2) if the nobler contingent exists after the inferior existence, and exists by virtue of it, it would entail that the cause is nobler than its effort, and (3) if the nobler contingent\u2019s emanation is not impossible along with the most inferior one, neither before the inferior being nor after it, as is presupposed, despite it being contingent, even though supposing this assumption as something occurring would not entail an impossibility, and if something impossible is entailed then external causes would be entailed from the essence of the contingent as well as the essence of the being that originates the contingent being. Otherwise, it would remain contingent even though we have already supposed it to be contingent. Now, since we have supposed the existence of a nobler contingent, and have also supposed that it has not (directly) emanated from the necessary being, neither before the inferior being, nor with it and nor after it, nor without an intermediary and nor with a mediation of other causes, then it would be necessary that its existence summons such a necessitating aspect which is nobler and superior to the God who is the cause of the first emanation. However, this is impossible because the necessary being is being infinity with infinity. The commentator of \u1e24ikmat al-Ishr\u0101q<\/em> has formulated this demonstration such a way that if the inferior contingent exists and the nobler existent is not prior to it, then (1) the premise would be opposed, (2) the emanation of multiplicity from oneness would be entailed, (3) the emanation of the nobler from the inferior would be entailed, and (4) it would entail the existence of an aspect nobler than the light of all lights (i.e., God). This is because if the inferior\u2019s existence is via the nobler, then the first impossibility would be entailed. If it happens without any intermediary, and the emanation of the nobler from the necessary being is also possible, then the second impossibility is entailed. If the emanation of the nobler from its effect is possible, the third impossibility would be entailed. Also, if the emanation of the nobler is neither possible from the necessary being and nor from its effect, then the fourth impossibility would be entailed. Now, when this formulation is with the existence of the inferior with the non-existence of the existence of the nobler prior to it, meaning that presupposing that the existence of the nobler is not before the existence of the inferior, all these types and alternatives become invalid, so this condition of the formulation is also invalidated. Now, with the invalidation of this formulation, the previously mentioned stipulation, meaning the rule of best possibility, would necessarily become true. This is because there is nothing nobler than the necessary being. So, it is impossible that a nobler contingent\u2019s existence precedes His existence. It is necessary also that the nobler continent is closer to the necessary being in relation to other contingent beings and it is necessary that between the nobler and the inferior there be different ranks. They would be the noblest, and then the nobler from the ranks of causes and effects<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0633\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641<\/p>\n\n\n\n Without it being the case that from the inferior emanates the nobler.[40]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Rather, in a sequence where till the end of the ranks there are inferior beings coming from nobler beings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The writer of these pages says that from this principle it is known that the sequence of the series of existents begin from the necessary being in this matter, from the nobler to the inferior and from the higher to the lower. Whoever looks at and ponders the conditions of the existents and looks at the relation that they have with each other knows that the lower and imperfect does not exist except due to the higher and more perfect, meaning that the higher is the essential cause (sabab dh\u0101t\u012b<\/em>) for the lower and the higher has natural precedence over the lower, although the existence of the lower and incomplete is the starting point of the effusion of the superior and nobler and its facilitator is matter. So, the animal is the essential cause for the existence of the sperm drop and has essential precedence over the sperm drop. Similarly, the plan is the essential cause of the seed and star and has essential precedence over it. Also, the seed is a preparatory cause (sabab mu\u2019idd<\/em>) for the existence of the plan and is prior to the plant in being temporally prior and not in being essentially prior. In short, in the series of guidance, the nobler type is prior to the inferior type although some people of the inferior type may be prior to some people of the nobler type temporally just as has been explained in the example of the sperm drop and the animal or the seed and the tree.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Objections to This Rule with Some Responses<\/p>\n\n\n\n Objection One: If someone says that the rule of the noblest possibility is only be applied to the invented things (\u2018ibd\u0101\u2019\u012by\u0101t<\/em>)[41]<\/strong><\/a> which do not need matter but does not apply to temporal creations which are in the realm of motion and opposites and coincidences, because temporal creation, meaning material things, have an external hindrance or lack of aptitude due to which the nobler contingent does not exist. In reply to this, we say that the ruling of types and universal natures, in their own essences, is the ruling on invented things because the natural type such as the celestial sphere, man, or horse and so on needing a particular aptitude is not in essence. Rather, it is due to the accidental entailments and conditions acted upon it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Another Objection: If someone says that if the previously mentioned principle\u2019s application is accepted in material things, then man would not be the noblest because the authority and someone who is not an authority, the Im\u0101m and the subjects, would all be of one type and individuals of one type are homogenous (mutam\u0101thil<\/em>). None of them have precedence over the other and none have an essential relation, meaning having a relation of causality and being an effect. We would say in response that there is no similarity between individual humans and this similarity which is observed is from the aspect of bodily matter and natural origination before the souls which are plain and of prime matter attain talents as well as virtuous or sinful morals, exiting from potentiality into actualization and from the aspect of the spiritual origination they are in many types<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0649<\/p>\n\n\n\n Innumerable and uncountable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Moreover, the creator, may He be exalted, says (quoting the Prophet):<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0628\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0650\u0651\u062b\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2026 I am only a man like you\u2026\u201d [18:110, 41:6] from the aspect of the natural origination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n And not from the aspect of the spiritual origination. So, the type of the prophet or the Im\u0101m is lofty and noble and is nobler than the other celestial and elemental types. So, the relation of the type of the Im\u0101m in the rank of existence to other humans is like the human\u2019s relation to other animals and the relation of the animal to the plant and the relation of the plant to the inanimate object. This is what God almighty has alluded to when he has addressed man and said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n …\u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645 \u0645\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627… \u200e\ufd3f\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: \u0662\u0669\ufd3e\u200f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2026 he created for you all that is in the earth\u2026\u201d [2:29][42]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n This is because the man is the noblest of the earthly existences. So, he is the cause and the essential reason for the creation and existence of the universe. Therefore, if man is removed from the earth, then the entire universe would be removed. Similarly, if the Im\u0101m is taken up from the earth, all people would perish. The support of this is from the \u1e25ad\u012bth narrated by Mu\u1e25ammad b. Ya\u02bfq\u016bb al-Kulayn\u012b via his own chain from Im\u0101m Ja\u02bffar al-\u1e62\u0101diq, peace be upon him:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0642\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064e\u062d\u064e\u062f\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064f\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064e<\/p>\n\n\n\n If none remain on the earth except two, one of them would be the divine authority.[43]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n An exposition of the matter that Mu\u1e25ammad (\u1e63) and the Im\u0101m of the Ahl al-Bayt (as) are the noblest contingent being<\/p>\n\n\n\n It should be known that the Mu\u1e25ammadan light is the closest of the creations to the first truth (i.e., God) and the first of the beings made. It is the greatest and most complete of the existents and the second of the existents[44]<\/strong><\/a> and this is what is meant by the statements found in the prophetic a\u1e25\u0101d\u012bth. Thus, there is a report in which he (\u1e63) states:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cThe first thing God created was the intellect.\u201d[45]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n In another report, it states:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cThe first thing God created was my light.\u201d[46]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n In a report it says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cThe first thing God created was my spirit.\u201d[47]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n In a report it also says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cThe first thing God created was the pen.\u201d[48]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n In a report it also says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cThe first thing God created was a proximate (kar\u016bb\u012b<\/em>) angel.\u201d[49]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n It should be clear that these traits and attributes are for one thing from various perspectives.[50]<\/strong><\/a> So, that thing, with respect to each attribute, is named by various names. So, the names (asm\u0101\u2019<\/em>) may be many but the one being named (musamm\u0101<\/em>) is one in essence and existence. However, the self and quiddity of this thing is a substance that does not have a relation to bodies by one aspect of the aspects of existence. Neither in existence, like accidents, neither in place nor control like the souls, neither in partiality and mixing like matter and form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In short, the substances made are of three types and are different in their levels of existence:<\/p>\n\n\n\n The first and the loftiest of the made things is the one who has no need or dependence of anything except God and it has no view or turning except towards God.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The second type are the substances which, in the basis of existence, are not in need of anything except God. However, they need someone else in the completion of their existence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The third are the substances who need other things in the basis of their existence and the completion as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The first substance is the intellect, the second is the soul, and the third is the body (jism<\/em>) or a part of the body. Now, since God almighty is simple in his reality[51]<\/strong><\/a> as well as knowledgeable, capable, generous, merciful, of great virtue and immense strength as well as omnipotence and the possessor of perfections, virtues, and goods. His mercy and generosity cannot be such that he restricts his effusion and mercy. So, it is necessary that the creations emanate from him in a system that is the most superior and the most generous sequence. It is also necessary that the emanation starts with the noblest and then the nobler in order just as the rule of the noblest possibility proves. There is no doubt that the noblest of the contingent things and the most magnanimous of the made things is the intellect. It is called the pen (qalam<\/em>) because it is the intermediary for the formation of sciences and realities on the tablets of the souls which are decreed and destined. Moreover, since at this rank it is free of corporeality and veiling as well as the darkness of defects and non-existence, they are called light (n\u016br<\/em>). Moreover, since it is the basis of the life of higher and lower souls, it is called the spirit. This is the Mu\u1e25ammadan reality, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, which is the rank of perfection of his (\u1e63) existence and from it the series of existent beings starts and to it does it return. Thus, it is narrated from the master of the universe (\u1e63) himself:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n\n\n\n We are the last ones and the forerunners.[52]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Meaning that regarding exiting and manifesting we are the last, like a fruit, and are first in its creation and existence, like the seed. So, the Prophet (\u1e63) is the seed of the tree of the world. Now, since the prophet a\u1e25\u0101d\u012bth which are found in the books of the two sects it is proven that the Mu\u1e25ammadan light and the light of the twelve Im\u0101ms is but one light and in reality, that light is one, this is why he (\u1e63) has said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0646\u062d\u0646<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cwe\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n In the \u1e25ad\u012bth. Moreover, it is narrated from the Prophet (\u1e63) that God almighty said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u0643 \u0622\u062e\u0630 \u0648\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is through you that I am known, through you that I take to account, through you that I give, through you do I punish and through you do I reward.[53]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n This is the state and rank of the Prophet (\u1e63), glory be to God. This is because whoever did not recognize the prophet via the prophecy and message, he has not known God<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n As he ought to be known.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Even if he has a thousand arguments for knowing God. Therefore, the meaning would be that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641<\/p>\n\n\n\n Through you am I known.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Meaning that whoever recognizes you with prophecy recognizes me with lordship. And<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0628\u0643 \u0622\u062e\u0630<\/p>\n\n\n\n Through you do I take to account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Meaning that I shall accept the worship of the one who learns from you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n Meaning that I shall give the people of the levels their level by your intercession just as the Prophet (\u1e63) said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n People will need my intercession, even Abraham (as).[54]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Also, His saying:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n\n\n\n Through you do I punish and through you do I reward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Meaning that on the day of the covenant (m\u012bth\u0101q<\/em>) God took a covenant from every prophet that they believe in Mu\u1e25ammad (\u1e63) and his family, peace be upon them, and took a covenant from his nation that they believe in him (\u1e63) and be pleased in assisting his religion. So, whoever from the previous and past nations believed in him (\u1e63) and his family before he (\u1e63) was sent, he will be of those who are rewarded, and whoever does not believe from the first and last people, will be of the people who are punished. It is proven from these a\u1e25\u0101d\u012bth that the Im\u0101m and the Prophet (\u1e63) are seed and egg of the tree of the world.[55]<\/strong><\/a> This is what has been alluded to in the statement of God almighty when he says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n …\u0648\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064d \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0635\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0651\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064d \u200e\ufd3f\u064a\u0633: \u0661\u0662\ufd3e\u200f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2026 and we have enumerated everything in a clear Im\u0101m<\/em>.\u201d 36:12[56]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n He is the first and the last, he is the apparent and the hidden.[57]<\/strong><\/a> The perfect Gnostics explain these meanings very clearly. Thus, Mull\u0101 Mu\u1e25sin Fay\u1e0d (d. 1680\/1681 CE)[58]<\/strong><\/a> says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0647 \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n The perfect man has the nature of being the first, the last, the apparent, the hidden, as well as servitude, lordship, and divinity. So, it is apparent from what we have discussed earlier, and this is what is alluded to in his (\u1e63) statement, \u201cthe first thing God created was my light\u201d or \u201cmy spirit\u201d despite it being by intent and the rank as well. As for being the last, then it is because it is the last of the ranks of existence in the series that returns as well as the last that manifests from the existents in external reality. As for being the first, then it is due to the body and creation. As for being the hidden, then it is with the spirit and the command. As for servitude, it is due to being in need and origination as well as being sustained as well as bearing liabilities and suffering. As for lordship, it is because of training all the individuals in the world with divine caliphate and spiritual growth, because he takes from the aspect of spirituality from God, may He be glorified, what the subjects seek and conveys it with corporeality to them. By these two aspects does the affair of caliphate become complete.[59]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n From this exposition, the Im\u0101m being the noblest of the creatures (ashraf al-makhl\u016bq\u0101t) is also proven. So, by the necessitation of this principle mentioned above, it is necessary that he exist in every era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A doubt along with its answer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n If it is thought that the master of the universe (\u1e63) and the infallible Im\u0101ms were from the realm of materiality, then how can they be the first intellect? We say to refute this that their manifestations, beings, and existences are different. In the manifestation and first being they were the first intellect, and in the lower manifestation they are like man. Just as God almighty has said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0643\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n I am only a man like you.[60]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n He did not say that<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n A man from you.[61]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Rather, he said that I am a man \u201clike\u201d you. Therefore, the actual man (bashar<\/em>) is the one whose spirit has an essential connection to the body, and the soul of the prophet and the Im\u0101m does not have an essential connection to the body. Rather, it has an accidental and external connection. Thus, they are not an actual man (bashar<\/em>), rather they are \u201clike\u201d mankind. In their reality they are sheer intellect. However, they descend and attach to the body and despite their attachment to the body their actual ranks are not removed from them. The bodily connection is optional. Whenever they wish, they can detach from it. It is as if their body is like a cloak for them. Whenever a man wants, he can remove the cloak or wear it whenever he wishes. Similarly, whenever the Im\u0101m or prophet wants, he can become immaterial, and whenever he wants, he can become material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n An exposition of the matter that the Im\u0101m has two aspects, divinity[62]<\/strong><\/a>, and humanity<\/p>\n\n\n\n In other words, we explain for the sake of clarification that the perfect man has three parts, nature, soul, and intellect, which is also called the spirit. From these three parts, each is in one realm. Meaning that the perfect man has different beings and in each being and rank, he is named with a certain name, he is thus at the very least man (ins\u0101n<\/em>) who is the founder of all perfections. When he is the founder of all perfections, especially being the bearer of the divine trust[63]<\/strong><\/a> meaning the possessor of the shar\u012b\u02bfah, at that time he is as if the human lord (rabb-i-ins\u0101n\u012b<\/em>) or the godly human (ins\u0101n\u012b-i-rabb\u0101n\u012b<\/em>) whose obedience is obligatory after obedience to God. Thus, the leader of the philosophers and theosophists says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n He would be[64]<\/strong><\/a> despite being a man distinct from other people with holy matters and divine miracles[65]<\/strong><\/a> and thus he would have two facets. One facet would be facing holiness and divinity and the other facet would be facing corporeality (al-tajassum<\/em>) and being a human. So, he would be a godly human or a human lord whose worship would almost be permissible after obedience to God. He is the caliph of God in the earthly realm.[66]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Thus, Mull\u0101 Mu\u1e25sin Fay\u1e0d says in discussing the obedience of the creations towards the perfect man:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0630 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0628\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0625 \u0645\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u062e\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0628\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n\n\n\n God made the earth for the existence of the perfect man like an Im\u0101m to whom creations gather whether they be simple, composed, elemental existents, celestial marks, groups of the angels, collected troops from the unseen world, so that his conditions may be moderate due to their gathering. He made the shining of the sun and the light of the moon both prostrate at the earth\u2019s door and the night and day subservient, obedient to the field and surroundings of the earth. Similarly, he made the water and air devoted to its sparkling, circling around it. Moreover, he made the planets from the aspect of the incidence of their rays, as things whose heads bow down in prostration. Also, he made the plants in their natural state to relapse as if they are placing their head on the rug for prostration. Furthermore, the star and the tree prostrate[67]<\/strong><\/a> and like this is the state of the animals in their devotion to the earth and their submissiveness in all of that is due to the existence of the caliph of God in their earth who is the Im\u0101m of the people and the pole of the world